Calamus caesius Blume

Clustering, moderate-sized rattan. Stems potentially climbing to great heights, to 100 m or more, usually much less due to over-exploitation, the clump tending to be very close and dense, without sheaths 0.7–1.8 cm diam., with sheaths to 2.5 cm diam., internodes to 50 cm long, sometimes even longer in juveniles, bare stem highly polished covered with a shiny silica layer, breaking off in flakes when stem bent. Leaves cirrate; sheaths dull green armed with sparse pale triangular spines to 1.5 x 0.5 cm; knee prominent; petiole present in juveniles, absent in adult stems; rachis to 75 cm long; cirrus to 75 cm long; leaflets c. 15 on each side of the rachis, irregularly arranged, usually in alternate pairs, dark green adaxially, abaxially covered in dense grey white indumentum, the leaflets thus conspicuously discolorous, somewhat plicate and cucullate, the longest to 30 x 5 cm. Inflorescence to 2 m long, with 7 or more partial inflorescences; bracts strictly tubular with sparse brown indumentum; male rachillae up to 3 cm long, female rachillae to 10 cm long. Ripe fruit ovoid, c. 1.5 x 1 cm, with a beak to 0.2 x 0.2 cm, and covered in 15–21 vertical rows of greenish white scales, drying pale straw-coloured. Seed ovoid, c. 1.2 x 0.7 cm; endosperm deeply ruminate. Seedling leaf forked, the two lobes parallel, ¼ the length of the whole lamina, adaxially dark green, abaxially greyish white.